Preexposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV
This JAMA Insights discusses the expanding PrEP options for preventing HIV, including the considerations for initiation and follow-up and implementation challenges of these medications.
JAMA
Mpox Clinical Presentation, Diagnostic Approaches, and Treatment Strategies – A Review
Importance A global outbreak of clade IIb Monkeypox virus (MPXV) infections spread rapidly across at least 118 countries resulting in a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) from July 2022 to May 2023. This outbreak affected more than 99 000 persons worldwide and…
FDA Perspective on the Regulation of Artificial Intelligence in Health Care and Biomedicine
Importance Advances in artificial intelligence (AI) must be matched by efforts to better understand and evaluate how AI performs across health care and biomedicine as well as develop appropriate regulatory frameworks. This Special Communication reviews the history of the US Food…
Antibiotics for Pediatric Acute Bacterial Sinusitis
This JAMA Insights examines antibiotic selection for the treatment of acute bacterial rhinosinusitis in US pediatric patients, specifically amoxicillin vs amoxicillin-clavulanate.
Buprenorphine/Naloxone vs Methadone for the Treatment of Opioid Use Disorder
Importance Previous studies on the comparative effectiveness between buprenorphine and methadone provided limited evidence on differences in treatment effects across key subgroups and were drawn from populations who use primarily heroin or prescription opioids, although fentanyl use is increasing across North…
Making the Ethical Oversight of All Clinical Trials Fit for Purpose
Importance With the increase in trials assessing comparative effectiveness of approved products and alternative care strategies, guidance is needed to ensure ethical oversight is fit for purpose for the risks, burdens, and constraints on choice this research presents. Observations US regulations governing…
Strategies to Help Patients Navigate High Prescription Drug Costs
Importance In the US, many patients struggle to afford prescription drugs, leading to adverse health outcomes. To improve cost-related medication nonadherence, prescribers and clinical staff must understand how to assist patients in overcoming high prescription drug costs. Observations We reviewed the benefits…
A 9-Year-Old Child With a Large Thoracic Mass
A healthy 9-year-old had 10 days of nonproductive cough without fever, wheeze, chest pain, or abdominal pain but with diminished breath sounds in the right lower lung field. Results of laboratory testing were unremarkable; computed tomography revealed a fat-density mass…
Prevention of Anal Cancer in High-Risk Individuals
This JAMA Insights examines the treatment and rising prevalence of anal cancer in the US in high-risk groups, including people with HIV and immunosuppression associated with solid organ transplant.
Dialysis Facility Staffing Ratios and Kidney Transplant Access Among Adolescents and Young Adults
Importance Patient to staff ratios vary across US dialysis facilities and have been associated with patient outcomes in older adults. Objective To determine whether patient to nurse or patient to social worker staff ratios are associated with access to kidney transplant for…
