JAMA

Two-Year Outcomes After Minimally Invasive Surfactant Therapy in Preterm Infants – Follow-Up of the OPTIMIST-A Randomized Clinical Trial

Importance  The long-term effects of surfactant administration via a thin catheter (minimally invasive surfactant therapy [MIST]) in preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome remain to be definitively clarified. Objective  To examine the effect of MIST on death or neurodevelopmental disability (NDD) at…

Ulcerative Colitis in Adults – A Review

Importance  Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory condition of the colon, with a prevalence exceeding 400 per 100 000 in North America. Individuals with UC have a lower life expectancy and are at increased risk for colectomy and colorectal cancer. Observations  UC…

Diffuse Cutaneous Eruption

A man presented with a pruritic cutaneous eruption that began on his scalp and face and over 2 months spread across most of his body. Physical examination revealed confluent salmon-colored plaques with areas of unaffected skin; waxy, exfoliative scale on…

Prescribing Opioids for Pain

This JAMA Clinical Guidelines Synopsis summarizes the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s 2022 clinical practice guideline for prescribing opioids for pain.

Creation and Adoption of Large Language Models in Medicine

Importance  There is increased interest in and potential benefits from using large language models (LLMs) in medicine. However, by simply wondering how the LLMs and the applications powered by them will reshape medicine instead of getting actively involved, the agency in…

Patents and Regulatory Exclusivities on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists

Importance  Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists were first approved for the treatment of type 2 diabetes in 2005. Demand for these drugs has increased rapidly in recent years, as indications have expanded, but they remain expensive. Objective  To analyze how manufacturers…

Cervical Cancer Screening – A Review

Importance  Each year in the US, approximately 100 000 people are treated for cervical precancer, 14 000 people are diagnosed with cervical cancer, and 4000 die of cervical cancer. Observations  Essentially all cervical cancers worldwide are caused by persistent infections with one of 13…