Strategies to Improve Medical Communication
This JAMA Insights summarizes strategies for effective medical communication, with considerations for the message delivered, the messenger source, and the social context.
JAMA
A 52-Year-Old With Painful Fingertips
A patient had cold, cyanotic fingertips with small ulcerations. Laboratory testing showed leukocytosis, eosinophilia, and elevated D-dimer level; results of tests for antinuclear antibodies, antiphospholipid antibodies, antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies against proteinase 3 and myeloperoxidase, and HIV were negative. What is…
Fourth-Generation HIV Testing
A 72-year-old man presented to the emergency department with fevers, night sweats, and rash 3 days after condomless vaginal intercourse. Results of a fourth-generation HIV test were positive and HIV-1-/2 antibody differentiation testing was negative. How would you interpret these…
Development and Validation of the Phoenix Criteria for Pediatric Sepsis and Septic Shock
Importance The Society of Critical Care Medicine Pediatric Sepsis Definition Task Force sought to develop and validate new clinical criteria for pediatric sepsis and septic shock using measures of organ dysfunction through a data-driven approach. Objective To derive and validate novel criteria…
Cancer Diagnoses After Recent Weight Loss
Importance Weight loss is common in primary care. Among individuals with recent weight loss, the rates of cancer during the subsequent 12 months are unclear compared with those without recent weight loss. Objective To determine the rates of subsequent cancer diagnoses over…
Screening for Speech and Language Delay and Disorders in Children 5 Years or Younger Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force
Importance Children with speech and language difficulties are at risk for learning and behavioral problems. Objective To review the evidence on screening for speech and language delay or disorders in children 5 years or younger to inform the US Preventive Services Task…
Screening for Speech and Language Delay and Disorders in Children – US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement
Importance Speech and language delays and disorders can pose significant problems for children and their families. Evidence suggests that school-aged children with speech or language delays may be at increased risk of learning and literacy disabilities, including difficulties with reading and…
Analysis of Breast Cancer Mortality in the US1975 to 2019
Importance Breast cancer mortality in the US declined between 1975 and 2019. The association of changes in metastatic breast cancer treatment with improved breast cancer mortality is unclear. Objective To simulate the relative associations of breast cancer screening, treatment of stage I…
Cannabis Exposure and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes Related to Placental Function
Importance Cannabis use is increasing among reproductive-age individuals and the risks associated with cannabis exposure during pregnancy remain uncertain. Objective To evaluate the association between maternal cannabis use and adverse pregnancy outcomes known to be related to placental function. Design, Setting, and…
The Comprehensive Primary Care Plus Model and Health Care Spending, Service Use, and Quality
Importance Implemented in 18 regions, Comprehensive Primary Care Plus (CPC+) was the largest US primary care delivery model ever tested. Understanding its association with health outcomes is critical in designing future transformation models. Objective To test whether CPC+ was associated with lower…
