Importance The Society of Critical Care Medicine Pediatric Sepsis Definition Task Force sought to develop and validate new clinical criteria for pediatric sepsis and septic shock using measures of organ dysfunction through a data-driven approach. Objective To derive and validate novel criteria…
Importance Weight loss is common in primary care. Among individuals with recent weight loss, the rates of cancer during the subsequent 12 months are unclear compared with those without recent weight loss. Objective To determine the rates of subsequent cancer diagnoses over…
Importance Children with speech and language difficulties are at risk for learning and behavioral problems. Objective To review the evidence on screening for speech and language delay or disorders in children 5 years or younger to inform the US Preventive Services Task…
Importance Speech and language delays and disorders can pose significant problems for children and their families. Evidence suggests that school-aged children with speech or language delays may be at increased risk of learning and literacy disabilities, including difficulties with reading and…
Importance Breast cancer mortality in the US declined between 1975 and 2019. The association of changes in metastatic breast cancer treatment with improved breast cancer mortality is unclear. Objective To simulate the relative associations of breast cancer screening, treatment of stage I…
Importance Cannabis use is increasing among reproductive-age individuals and the risks associated with cannabis exposure during pregnancy remain uncertain. Objective To evaluate the association between maternal cannabis use and adverse pregnancy outcomes known to be related to placental function. Design, Setting, and…
Importance Implemented in 18 regions, Comprehensive Primary Care Plus (CPC+) was the largest US primary care delivery model ever tested. Understanding its association with health outcomes is critical in designing future transformation models. Objective To test whether CPC+ was associated with lower…
Importance Early anhydramnios during pregnancy, resulting from fetal bilateral renal agenesis, causes lethal pulmonary hypoplasia in neonates. Restoring amniotic fluid via serial amnioinfusions may promote lung development, enabling survival. Objective To assess neonatal outcomes of serial amnioinfusions initiated before 26 weeks’ gestation…
Importance Transparent reporting of randomized trials is essential to facilitate critical appraisal and interpretation of results. Factorial trials, in which 2 or more interventions are assessed in the same set of participants, have unique methodological considerations. However, reporting of factorial trials…
This JAMA Insights reviews the origin of APOL1 high-risk genetic variants, defines APOL1-mediated kidney disease, and discusses recommendations for screening and management.
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