Climate Change and Mental Health
This JAMA Insights discusses the adverse effects of climate change on mental health and proposes solutions to help mitigate those effects.
JAMA
Survival Benefit Associated With Participation in Clinical Trials of Anticancer Drugs – A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Importance Many cancer clinical investigators view clinical trials as offering better care for patients than routine clinical care. However, definitive evidence of clinical benefit from trial participation (hereafter referred to as the participation effect) has yet to emerge. Objective To conduct a systematic…
Krill Oil for Knee Osteoarthritis – A Randomized Clinical Trial
Importance Knee osteoarthritis is disabling, with few effective treatments. Preliminary evidence suggested that krill oil supplementation improved knee pain, but effects on knee osteoarthritis remain unclear. Objective To evaluate efficacy of krill oil supplementation, compared with placebo, on knee pain in people…
Federal Trade Commission Actions on Prescription Drugs, 2000-2022
Importance The Federal Trade Commission’s (FTC) oversight role in the pharmaceutical market is critical to the health of patients and the health care system. This study characterized the FTC’s policy on the pharmaceutical market in recent decades, identifying the types of…
Causal Inference About the Effects of Interventions From Observational Studies in Medical Journals
Importance Many medical journals, including JAMA, restrict the use of causal language to the reporting of randomized clinical trials. Although well-conducted randomized clinical trials remain the preferred approach for answering causal questions, methods for observational studies have advanced such that causal interpretations of…
Prognostic Value of Cardiovascular Biomarkers in the Population
Importance Identification of individuals at high risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease within the population is important to inform primary prevention strategies. Objective To evaluate the prognostic value of routinely available cardiovascular biomarkers when added to established risk factors. Design, Setting, and Participants Individual-level…
Smoking Cessation After Initial Treatment Failure With Varenicline or Nicotine Replacement – A Randomized Clinical Trial
Importance Most people who smoke do not quit on their initial attempt. Objective To determine the best subsequent strategy for nonabstinence following initial treatment with varenicline or combined nicotine replacement therapy (CNRT). Design, Setting, and Participants Using a double-blind, placebo-controlled, sequential multiple assignment…
The Women’s Health Initiative Randomized Trials and Clinical Practice – A Review
Importance Approximately 55 million people in the US and approximately 1.1 billion people worldwide are postmenopausal women. To inform clinical practice about the health effects of menopausal hormone therapy, calcium plus vitamin D supplementation, and a low-fat dietary pattern, the Women’s…
Continued Treatment With Tirzepatide for Maintenance of Weight Reduction in Adults With Obesity – The SURMOUNT-4 Randomized Clinical Trial
Importance The effect of continued treatment with tirzepatide on maintaining initial weight reduction is unknown. Objective To assess the effect of tirzepatide, with diet and physical activity, on the maintenance of weight reduction. Design, Setting, and Participants This phase 3, randomized withdrawal clinical…
Risk Assessment and Prevention of Falls in Older Community-Dwelling Adults – A Review
Importance Falls are reported by more than 14 million US adults aged 65 years or older annually and can result in substantial morbidity, mortality, and health care expenditures. Observations Falls result from age-related physiologic changes compounded by multiple intrinsic and extrinsic risk…
