JAMA Surgery

Molecular Testing and Targeted Therapies in Hepatobiliary Cancers – A Review

Importance  Hepatobiliary cancers are heterogeneous and molecularly complex. Recent advances in next-generation sequencing (NGS) have enhanced the understanding of their molecular landscape and enabled deployment of biomarker-based gene- and immune-targeted therapies. This review examines the role of molecular testing and targeted…

Autonomic Neural Blockade in Minimally Invasive Surgery

This article discusses the use of intraoperative autonomic neural blockade as a technique to manage postoperative visceral pain and symptoms of postoperative nausea and vomiting in minimally invasive surgery.

Imaging in Diagnosis and Active Surveillance for Prostate Cancer – A Review

Importance  Active surveillance (AS) has become an increasingly important option for managing low-risk and select intermediate-risk prostate cancer. Although imaging, particularly multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI), has emerged in the prebiopsy pathway for the diagnosis of prostate cancer, the role of…

HistotripsyóA Novel and Intriguing Technique of Liver Ablation

This article discusses the use of histotripsy as a noninvasive method for tumor ablation that involves mechanical destruction of tissues without the generation of heat, resulting in accurate and precise treatment without surrounding tissue damage.

Biliary DyskinesiaóControversies, Diagnosis, and Management – A Review

Importance  Biliary dyskinesia is a disorder characterized by biliary pain, a sonographically normal gallbladder, and a reduced gallbladder ejection fraction on cholecystokinin-cholescintigraphy (CCK-HIDA) scan. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy remains a common treatment for biliary dyskinesia despite a lack of high-quality evidence supporting the…

Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) Society Recommendations for Neonatal Perioperative Care

Importance  Neonates requiring surgery are often cared for in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). Despite a breadth of surgical pathology, neonates share many perioperative priorities that allow for the development of unit-wide evidence-based Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) recommendations. Observations  The guideline…