Importance A comprehensive review of chest tube management was developed to help clinicians better understand the different types of chest tubes, their indications, and key management principles to optimize patient outcomes. With the increasing use of small-bore, “pigtail” catheters in…
Importance Traumatic colon and rectal injuries generate wide practice variation across diagnosis, operative strategy, technical conduct, and perioperative care. Management has shifted from mandatory fecal diversion toward selective primary repair and physiology-guided reconstruction, but decision-making remains inconsistent. Objective To develop…
Importance Seasonal or climate variation is increasingly recognized as being associated with the incidence of several acute abdominal conditions, yet its role in diverticulitis remains uncertain. Understanding temporal trends may provide insight into modifiable environmental or behavioral risk factors and…
Importance The management of infectious and inflammatory lesions of the breast remains controversial. The expert panel focused on management recommendations for 3 of the most common infectious breast conditions, as very few evidence-based guidelines for the management of these conditions…
Importance Surgeon compensation models influence physician productivity, care quality, and engagement in nonclinical activities. Information on compensation plans across surgical specialties and settings is often difficult to obtain. Objective To describe surgeon compensation models in the US, differentiate models by practice setting,…
Importance Bariatric surgery is widely recognized for its health benefits; however, its association with work productivity and employment participation, though frequently reported, has not been systematically synthesized. This evidence is crucial to inform the economic evaluation of bariatric surgery. Objective To systematically…
Importance Difficult cholecystectomies are associated with a higher risk of severe bilio-vascular injuries. Observations Obesity, cirrhosis, high American Society of Anesthesiologists score, previous abdominal operations, and presence of acute cholecystitis or common bile duct stones are associated with difficult cholecystectomies. On imaging,…
Importance Many patients are diagnosed with benign breast lesions; however, evidence- and consensus-based guidelines for the management of benign breast disease (BBD) are limited. Observations The American Society of Breast Surgeons (ASBrS) and the Society of Breast Imaging (SBI) developed guidelines for…
Importance More than 100 000 patients in the US begin hemodialysis each year. While arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) have been the preferred dialysis access due to their durability and lower complication rates, contemporary guidelines now emphasize achieving a functional access tailored to individual…
Importance Acute appendicitis is the most common abdominal surgical emergency worldwide and a leading cause of emergency hospital admissions and operations. Despite its frequency, substantial variability persists in diagnosis and management across patient populations and health care settings. Objective To provide updated,…
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