Family Medicine

OP Malpresentation: A Precarious Situation

Fetal malpresentation is defined as a fetus presenting at birth in a non-vertex presentation as either occiput transverse (OT) or occiput posterior (OP). This condition occurs 15% to 25% at term and 5% to 12% at birth, frequently increases risk…

ECHO Autism: Intense Behavior

ECHO Autism: Intense Behavior aims to increase access to best-practice assessment, diagnosis, and treatment for individuals on the autism spectrum with intense behavior such as severe emotional dysregulation, self-injurious behaviors, and physical aggression towards others. A variety of research studies…

EFM Case Study #19 & #20: The Influence of SUD on EFM

When a pregnant patient misuses or becomes dependent on any addictive substance during pregnancy, two people are exposed: the pregnant patient, and the fetus/newborn. It is estimated that approximately 5% to 7% of pregnant persons use addictive substances. Among these,…

Substance Use Disorder in Postpartum Patients

Postpartum is a stressful time for this high-risk population as relapse rates are high and pain tolerance is low. Special considerations should be given to pain control, sedation risk, breastfeeding, contraception, and safe transition of the newborn to extrauterine life….

Substance Use Disorder in Pregnancy, Part 2

In the US, drug and opioid overdose deaths have nearly quadrupled over the last decade. Synthetic opioid-related deaths increased 850% in women. Nearly 85% of pregnancies in women with opioid use disorder are unintended. During pregnancy, chronic untreated substance and…

Substance Use Disorder in Pregnancy, Part 1

In the US, drug and opioid overdose deaths have nearly quadrupled over the last decade. Synthetic opioid-related deaths increased 850% in women. Nearly 85% of pregnancies in women with substance use disorder (SUD) are unintended. During pregnancy, chronic untreated substance…

OP Malpresentation: A Precarious Situation

Fetal malpresentation is defined as a fetus presenting at birth in a non-vertex presentation as either occiput transverse (OT) or occiput posterior (OP). This condition occurs 15% to 25% at term and 5% to 12% at birth, frequently increases risk…

NAS and NOWS, Part 2

The diagnosis of a substance use or opioid use disorder during pregnancy is linked to complications for the mother, fetus, and newborn. Chronically drug exposed fetuses are at high risk for neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) or neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome…

NAS and NOWS, Part 1

The diagnosis of a substance use or opioid use disorder during pregnancy is linked to complications for the mother, fetus, and newborn. Chronically drug exposed fetuses are at high risk for neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) or neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome…

Promoting Vaginal Birth, Part 3: Interventions

Cesarean delivery rates have steadily increased over the past few decades without an equivalent improvement in maternal or neonatal outcomes and the use of non-invasive interventions to promote vaginal birth seems to be a lost art. This is part 3…