Importance Poly(adenosine diphosphate–ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors have revolutionized the treatment of patients with germline BRCA1/2-associated breast cancer, representing the first targeted therapy capable of improving outcomes in patients with hereditary tumors. However, resistance to PARP inhibitors occurs in almost all patients. Observations This…
Importance The need to maintain clinical trial recruitment during the COVID-19 pandemic has precipitated the rapid uptake of digital health for the conduct of clinical trials. Different terms are used in different jurisdictions and clinical contexts, including digital trials, networked trials,…
Importance The treatment of locally advanced non–small cell lung cancer (LA-NSCLC) has been informed by more than 5 decades of clinical trials and other relevant literature. However, controversies remain regarding the application of various radiation and systemic therapies in commonly encountered…
Importance A series of high-profile clinical trials for patients with resectable early-stage non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have recently changed the standard of care in this setting. Specifically, studies have demonstrated statistically and clinically significant improvements in efficacy with the targeted…
A 58-year-old man with diabetes, chronic kidney disease, and JAK2-positive myeloproliferative neoplasm is referred for newly diagnosed oligometastatic prostate cancer with substantial urinary symptoms. What would you do next?
Importance Colorectal cancers (CRCs) with deficient DNA mismatch repair (dMMR) account for 15% of all CRCs. Deficient MMR is a predictive biomarker associated with responsiveness to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in solid tumors, including CRC. The remarkable effectiveness of ICIs in…
A 46-year-old man presented with a left shoulder mass. He reported limited shoulder movements and denied other symptoms. What is your diagnosis?
Importance A true revolution in the management of advanced genitourinary cancers has occurred with the discovery and adoption of immunotherapy (IO). The therapeutic benefits of IO were recently observed not to be solely confined to patients with disseminated disease but also…
Importance The combination of immune checkpoint inhibitors with antiangiogenic agents has revolutionized the treatment landscape of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, due to rapid publication of new studies that attained their predefined primary end points, a lack of robust cross-trial comparison…
A 31-year-old man presented with left cervical and left inguinal masses and intermittent itching and night sweats for 2 years. What is your diagnosis?
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