Importance Bariatric surgery is widely recognized for its health benefits; however, its association with work productivity and employment participation, though frequently reported, has not been systematically synthesized. This evidence is crucial to inform the economic evaluation of bariatric surgery. Objective To systematically…
Importance Difficult cholecystectomies are associated with a higher risk of severe bilio-vascular injuries. Observations Obesity, cirrhosis, high American Society of Anesthesiologists score, previous abdominal operations, and presence of acute cholecystitis or common bile duct stones are associated with difficult cholecystectomies. On imaging,…
Importance Many patients are diagnosed with benign breast lesions; however, evidence- and consensus-based guidelines for the management of benign breast disease (BBD) are limited. Observations The American Society of Breast Surgeons (ASBrS) and the Society of Breast Imaging (SBI) developed guidelines for…
Importance More than 100 000 patients in the US begin hemodialysis each year. While arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) have been the preferred dialysis access due to their durability and lower complication rates, contemporary guidelines now emphasize achieving a functional access tailored to individual…
Importance Acute appendicitis is the most common abdominal surgical emergency worldwide and a leading cause of emergency hospital admissions and operations. Despite its frequency, substantial variability persists in diagnosis and management across patient populations and health care settings. Objective To provide updated,…
Importance Randomized clinical trials (RCTs), the gold standard of medical evidence, remain relatively rare in surgery. In part, this is the result of challenges that are unique to surgical trials, including surgeon concerns about lack of equipoise, slow recruitment, difficulty standardizing…
Importance Use of percutaneous cholecystostomy (PC) has increased over the past 20 years without consensus regarding indications and management. Objective To identify indicators for PC, clarify the management of a PC tube (PCT), and suggest the timing of further interventions. Evidence Review A…
Importance About 100 million urinary catheters are used globally each year. Urinary catheters are effective to establish bladder drainage, but they are associated with risks, including infection and encrustation. To mitigate the associated risks, an understanding of urinary catheter indications, placement…
This Surgical Innovation describes the use of video review of intraoperative trauma care and the potential to improve the quality of trauma care and create opportunities for coaching.
Importance Approximately 2 million individuals are incarcerated in the US. Surgical needs increase with age, and an aging prison population means an increasing need for surgical care for incarcerated individuals. Challenges in logistics, privacy, communication, and comorbidities put people in law…
© 2026
American Board of Medical Specialties | Policies | Sitemap | Terms of Use | www.abms.org
