Importance The large overlap between symptoms of acute sinusitis and viral upper respiratory tract infection suggests that certain subgroups of children being diagnosed with acute sinusitis, and subsequently treated with antibiotics, derive little benefit from antibiotic use. Objective To assess if antibiotic…
A previously healthy 7-year-old had 1 week of fevers, productive cough, and lethargy, which did not improve after 3 days of oral cefuroxime. He lived in a rural area and had close contact with dogs, cattle, and sheep. White blood…
A previously healthy individual in his 20s had 3 months of annular skin lesions, with numbness and paresthesia in the affected areas. Physical examination revealed multiple tattoos, bilateral palpable thickened auricular and ulnar nerves, and claw-hand deformity; test results for…
A 60-year-old patient with a history of lumbar spinal stenosis had 2 months of chest pain and shortness of breath with exertion and 3 months of toe numbness. Laboratory testing showed elevated levels of high-sensitivity troponin, brain-type natriuretic peptide, aspartate…
Importance Major depressive disorder (MDD), a common mental disorder in the US, may have substantial impact on the lives of affected individuals. If left untreated, MDD can interfere with daily functioning and can also be associated with an increased risk of…
Importance Evidence suggests that maternal mortality has been increasing in the US. Comprehensive estimates do not exist. Long-term trends in maternal mortality ratios (MMRs) for all states by racial and ethnic groups were estimated. Objective To quantify trends in MMRs (maternal deaths…
Importance Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are a leading cause of pregnancy-related morbidity and mortality in the US. Objective To conduct a targeted systematic review to update the evidence on the effectiveness of screening for hypertensive disorders of pregnancy to inform the US…
Importance Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are among the leading causes of maternal morbidity and mortality in the US. The rate of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy has been increasing from approximately 500 cases per 10 000 deliveries in 1993 to 1021 cases per…
Importance The long-term effects of surfactant administration via a thin catheter (minimally invasive surfactant therapy [MIST]) in preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome remain to be definitively clarified. Objective To examine the effect of MIST on death or neurodevelopmental disability (NDD) at…
Importance Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory condition of the colon, with a prevalence exceeding 400 per 100 000 in North America. Individuals with UC have a lower life expectancy and are at increased risk for colectomy and colorectal cancer. Observations UC…
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