Medical Knowledge

Alopecia Areata–Specific Patient-Reported Outcome Measures

Importance  Alopecia areata (AA) has a high prevalence worldwide and causes considerable morbidity in patients. Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) have become an important component of clinical outcome assessment. The quality of existing AA-specific PRO measures (PROMs) has not been evaluated to date….

Circular Necrotic Yellow-Red Plaque on the Chest

A man in his 40s presents with a progressively enlarging yellow-red plaque on the chest with multiple central yellow papules, open comedones, and telangiectasia. What is your diagnosis?

Subungual Amelanotic Melanoma

This case report describes a light pink plaque underneath an atrophied and broken nail plate that was surrounded by depigmentation.

Coronary Artery Calcium Testing—Too Early, Too Late, Too Often

Importance  Traditional risk factors, enhancing factors, and risk scores help clinicians assess atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk for primary prevention. The latest cholesterol guidelines suggest measuring coronary artery calcium (CAC) score by computed tomography (CT) in those at intermediate risk when…

Conjunctival Nodule in a Female With Ulcerative Colitis

A 69-year-old woman developed a nodule in her left eye and reported bilateral eye fatigue, burning, and irritation. The patient had ulcerative colitis, type 2 diabetes, gastroesophageal reflux disease, hypertension, and glaucoma in her right eye. What is your diagnosis?

Eating Disorders – A Review

Importance  Eating disorders are characterized by disturbances in eating behavior and occur worldwide, with a lifetime prevalence of 2% to 5%. They are more common among females than males and may be associated with medical and psychiatric complications, impaired functioning, and…

Newborn Screening for Sickle Cell Disease and Thalassemia

Importance  Hemoglobin disorders are a considerable public health issue with more than 500 000 affected infants born annually worldwide. First introduced in the 1970s, newborn screening (NBS) for sickle cell disease (SCD) was included in the Recommended Uniform Screening Panel (RUSP) in…

An Evidence-Based Approach to Climate Change and Health

This JAMA Insights discusses the need to fully assimilate evidence from observed and projected effects of climate change on health and invest in developing and implementing effective health protection from preventable climate-sensitive conditions.