Importance Children with speech and language difficulties are at risk for learning and behavioral problems. Objective To review the evidence on screening for speech and language delay or disorders in children 5 years or younger to inform the US Preventive Services Task…
Importance Speech and language delays and disorders can pose significant problems for children and their families. Evidence suggests that school-aged children with speech or language delays may be at increased risk of learning and literacy disabilities, including difficulties with reading and…
Importance Oncocytic (Hürthle cell) thyroid carcinoma is a follicular cell-derived neoplasm that accounts for approximately 5% of all thyroid cancers. Until recently, it was categorized as a follicular thyroid carcinoma, and its management was standardized with that of other differentiated thyroid…
Importance Breast cancer mortality in the US declined between 1975 and 2019. The association of changes in metastatic breast cancer treatment with improved breast cancer mortality is unclear. Objective To simulate the relative associations of breast cancer screening, treatment of stage I…
Importance Systematic reviews and meta-analyses often report conflicting results when assessing evidence for probiotic efficacy, partially because of the lack of understanding of the unique features of probiotic trials. As a consequence, clinical decisions on the use of probiotics have been…
Importance Cannabis use is increasing among reproductive-age individuals and the risks associated with cannabis exposure during pregnancy remain uncertain. Objective To evaluate the association between maternal cannabis use and adverse pregnancy outcomes known to be related to placental function. Design, Setting, and…
Importance Trial protocols outline a trial’s objectives as well as the methods (design, conduct, and analysis) that will be used to meet those objectives, and transparent reporting of trial protocols ensures objectives are clear and facilitates appraisal regarding the suitability of…
Importance Implemented in 18 regions, Comprehensive Primary Care Plus (CPC+) was the largest US primary care delivery model ever tested. Understanding its association with health outcomes is critical in designing future transformation models. Objective To test whether CPC+ was associated with lower…
When a physician refers a patient for a nonclinical reason, that patient has been “turfed.” There are numerous reasons why turfing is clinically, legally, and ethically problematic; a main one is that the practice is physician centered and does not…
Turfing is a colloquialism that refers to what clinicians do to patients whose needs do not fit neatly and tidily into typical clinical placement protocols, especially during inpatient admissions from a hospital’s emergency department. This term and this practice are…
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