Medical Knowledge

Screening for Intimate Partner Violence and for Caregiver Abuse of Older or Vulnerable Adults – An Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force

Importance  Intimate partner violence (IPV) and caregiver abuse of older or vulnerable adults are common and cause significant morbidity. Objective  To review the evidence on screening and interventions for IPV and caregiver abuse among adults. Data Sources  PubMed, Cochrane Library, and EMBASE through…

Forearm Pain and Stiffness in a 34-Year-Old Woman

A 34-year-old woman had progressive skin tightening over her right elbow and forearm, bilateral forearm pain, difficulty extending her fingers and elbows, and elevated eosinophil count and C-reactive protein level; examination showed a linear depression along a superficial vein when…

Patient With Hemoptysis and a Laryngeal Mass

A 76-year-old man presented to the emergency department with a 6-week history of globus sensation and muffled voice and acute onset frank hemoptysis. Laryngoscopy revealed a large mobile, multilobulated, broadly pedunculated mass that was friable and oozing on the lingual…

Osteoporosis – A Review

Importance  Osteoporosis is characterized by low bone mass, increased bone fragility, and increased susceptibility to fracture, which is associated with substantial morbidity, mortality, and economic costs. Worldwide, 1 in 3 women and 1 in 5 men older than 50 years of…

Covariate-Constrained Randomization

This Guide to Statistics and Methods provides an overview of the covariate-constrained randomization design, which can achieve improved control over large imbalances across study arms at the cluster level over simpler methods of randomization.

Gender-Affirming Feminizing Hormone Therapy

This Clinical Insights describes the process for initiating feminizing gender-affirmative hormone therapy for transgender women or nonbinary people.