Importance Evidence-based treatment decisions for advanced gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (GEP-NENs) require individualized patient-centered decision-making that accounts for patient and cancer characteristics. Objective To create an accessible guidance document to educate clinicians and patients on biomarkers informing prognosis and treatment in unresectable or…
A 65-year-old woman presented with a 6-month history of postmenopausal vaginal bleeding, and endometrial biopsy showed grade 2 endometrioid adenocarcinoma. What would you do next?
A 72-year-old man with a history of polycythemia vera (positive for JAK2 V617F) presented with several months of functional decline and weight loss. An 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography showed soft tissue infiltrates and sclerosis of the perirenal spaces with…
Importance Limited availability and affordability of cancer drugs contribute to staggering disparities in cancer survival between high-income and low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). As infrastructure for cancer care rapidly develops, there is an urgent need to reduce prices and improve access…
Importance Central nervous system (CNS) metastases presenting as either brain parenchymal metastases or leptomeningeal metastases are diagnosed in up to 50% of patients with advanced non–small cell lung cancer during their disease course. While historically associated with a poor prognosis due…
Importance The commercialization of chimeric antigen receptor–T-cell (CAR-T) therapy has changed the landscape of treatment of hematological cancers. Numerous studies from the early 2000s paved the way for cell-based targeted therapeutics, which have been established as practice-changing therapies in lymphoma, leukemia,…
Importance Molecular techniques, including next-generation sequencing, genomic copy number profiling, fusion transcript detection, and genomic DNA methylation arrays, are now indispensable tools for the workup of central nervous system (CNS) tumors. Yet there remains a great deal of heterogeneity in using…
Importance BRAF/MEK inhibitors revolutionized the treatment of BRAF V600E-variant anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (BRAFv-ATC), offering improved outcomes for patients with this previously incurable disease. Observations Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) accounts for approximately half of thyroid cancer−related deaths. It presents as a rapidly growing tumor that…
Importance Half of all carriers of inherited cancer-predisposing variants in BRCA1 and BRCA2 are male, but the implications for their health are underrecognized compared to female individuals. Germline variants in BRCA1 and BRCA2 (also known as pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants, referred to here as BRCA1/2 PVs) are well known to…
Importance Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a clonal hematopoietic cancer that disrupts normal hematopoiesis, ultimately leading to bone marrow failure and death. The annual incidence rate of AML is 4.1 per 100 000 people in the US and is higher in…
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